N-Triorganostannylsulfonamidothiophenes

ABSTRACT

Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R 1  and R 2  individually are hydrogen, halo, alkyl or nitro; one of X 1  or X 2  is hydrogen, halo, alkyl or nitro and the other X 1  or X 2  is --SO 2  N(R 3 ) (SnR 4  R 5  R 6 ) wherein R 3  is hydrogen, alkyl or aryl and R 4 , R 5  and R 6  individually are alkyl or aryl, possess pesticidal activity.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to organotin compounds. Organotin compounds have been found to be useful in a variety of applications such as, for example, wood preservation, food packaging, marine anti-fouling paints and fungicides. A recent review of organotin compounds and their applications is found in an article by P. Smith and L. Smith, in "Chem. Brit., 11", pp. 208-211, (1975).

PRIOR ART STATEMENT

German Pat. No. 111,783, published Mar. 2, 1975, discloses fungicidal and insecticidal triorganostannyl sulfinamides. The compounds of the invention are triorganostannyl- and thienyl-substituted sulfonamides.

U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,701,776, 3,888,879, and 3,991,081; Chrzaszczewska et al., Chem. Abstr., Vol. 65 (1966), pg. 12157e; Pillon et al., Chem. Abstr., Vol. 72 (1970), pg. 111289g; and Buzas et al., Chem. Abstr., Vol. 56 (1962), pg. 6603c, disclose sulfonamidothiophenes, which are useful as intermediates for the preparation of the compounds of the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The N-triorganostannylsulfonamidothiophenes of the invention are represented by the formula ##STR2## wherein R¹ is hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms or nitro; R² is hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms or nitro; one of X¹ or X² is hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms or nitro and the other X¹ or X² is --SO₂ N(R³) (SnR⁴ R⁵ R⁶) wherein R³ is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, phenyl, benzyl, or phenyl or benzyl substituted with 1 to 2 of the same or different substituents selected from fluoro, chloro, bromo and alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ individually are alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, phenyl, benzyl, or phenyl or benzyl substituted with 1 to 2 of the same or different substituents selected from fluoro, chloro, bromo and alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Preferably R¹ is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, chloro or bromo. Preferably R² is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, chloro or bromo. Most preferably R¹ and R² individually are hydrogen, chloro or bromo. Preferably R³ is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, phenyl, benzyl, or phenyl or benzyl substituted with 1 to 2 alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Most preferably R³ is alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, phenyl, or phenyl substituted with 1 to 2 alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Preferably R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ individually are alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, phenyl or benzyl.

A preferred class of compounds is that wherein R¹ is hydrogen, chloro or bromo; R² is hydrogen, chloro or bromo; one of X¹ or X² is hydrogen, chloro or bromo and the other X¹ or X² is --SO₂ N(R³) (SnR⁴ R⁵ R⁶) wherein R³ is alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, phenyl, benzyl, or phenyl or benzyl substituted with 1 to 2 alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ individually are alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, phenyl or benzyl.

Representative alkyl groups which R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ may represent are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isobutyl and n-butyl.

Representative phenyl and benzyl groups which R³ may represent are: o-fluorophenyl, m-chlorophenyl, m-bromophenyl, 3,4-dichlorophenyl, 3-chloro-4-bromophenyl, p-tolyl, 2,4-dimethylphenyl, 4-isopropylphenyl, 2-chloro-4-methylphenyl, 4-chlorobenzyl, 2,4-dibromobenzyl and 2-chloro-4-methylbenzyl.

Representative phenyl and benzyl groups which R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ may represent are: o-fluorophenyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, p-tolyl, 2-chloro-4-methylphenyl, p-bromobenzyl and 2,4-dimethylbenzyl.

The compounds of the present invention are prepared from an appropriate thiophene (II) by reaction with a triorganotin halide, thus: ##STR3## wherein R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ have the same meaning as stated before, Y is chloro or bromo, preferably chloro, and X is hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms or nitro. It is appreciated, of course, that in formula (II) one of X or --SO₂ NHR³ is at the 2-position and the other of X or --SO₂ NHR³ is at the 3-position.

Reaction (1) proceeds readily at temperatures in the range 0°-150° C, preferably 20°-100° C. Substantially equal molar quantities of the reactants are mixed in an inert solvent, preferably a chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon such as chloroform, dichloroethane or dichloromethane. Dichloromethane is preferred. A substantially equivalent amount of a base material is also present in the reaction medium to scavenge the hydrogen halide by-product. Such bases include triethylamine, pyridine, triethylene diamine, etc. The quantity of solvent varies, but is preferably sufficient to dissolve the thiophene reactant. In the case of compound having low solubility, slurries in the solvent are satisfactory. Reaction times vary from 1 to 24 hours.

The product is isolated and purified by conventional procedures such as extraction, filtration and crystallization.

The thiophenes of formula (II) are prepared by reacting a thienylsulfonyl chloride (V) with an amine or aniline compound (VI), as depicted in reaction (2): ##STR4## wherein R¹, R², R³ and X are as defined above.

Reaction (2) is conducted by reacting substantially equimolar quantities of the thienylsulfonyl chloride (V) and the amine or aniline (VI) in an inert diluent at a temperature of 0° to 100° C. If desired, a molar excess of the amine or aniline (VI), or an acid acceptor such as a pyridine compound or trialkylamine, can be used to scavenge the hydrogen chloride produced in the reaction.

Halo and alkyl-substituted thienylsulfonyl chlorides of formula (V) are prepared by sulfonating a thiophene with chlorosulfonic acid. The nitro-substituted thienylsulfonyl chlorides of formula (V) are suitably prepared by nitrating a thienylsulfonyl chloride with nitric acid in a suitable solvent such as concentrated sulfuric acid or acetic anhydride.

UTILITY

The compounds of the invention have exhibited pesticidal activity against a variety of microbiological organisms, such as fungi, molds and bacteria. The compounds of the invention ae particularly effective for the control of fungi.

When used as pesticides against microbiological organisms and pests such as fungi and bacteria, the compounds are applied in pesticidally (fungicidally or bactericidally) effective amounts to the organism and/or their habitats, such as vegetative hosts and non-vegatative hosts, e.g., animal products. Generally, some pesticidal compounds will be more pesticidally active than others against particular fungi or bacteria. The amount of pesticidal compound used will, of course, depend on several factors such as the host, the type of fungus and the particular compound of the invention. As with most pesticidal compounds, the pesticides of the invention are not usually applied full strength, but are generally incorporated with conventional biologically inert extenders or carriers normally employed for facilitating dispersion of active pesticidal compounds, recognizing that the formulation and mode of application may affect the activity of the pesticides. Thus, the pesticides of the invention may be formulated and applied as granules, as powdery dusts, as wettable powders, as emulsifiable concentrates, as solutions, or as any of several other known types of formulations, depending on the desired mode of application.

Wettable powders are in the form of finely divided particles which disperse readily in water or other dispersant. These compositions normally contain from about 5-80% pesticide, and the rest inert material, which includes dispersing agents, emulsifying agents and wetting agents. The powder may be applied to the soil as a dry dust, or preferably as a suspension in water. Typical carriers include fuller's earth, kaolin clays, silicas, and other highly absorbent, readily wettable, inorganic diluents. Typical wetting, dispersing or emulsifying agents include, for example: the aryl and alkylaryl sulfonates and their sodium salts; alkylamide sulfonates, including fatty methyl taurides; alkylaryl polyether alcohols, sulfated higher alcohols, and polyvinyl alcohols; polyethylene oxides, sulfonated animal and vegetable oils; sulfonated petroleum oils, fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols and the ethylene oxide addition products of such esters; and the addition products of long-chain mercaptans and ethylene oxide. Many other types of useful surface-active agents are available in commerce. The surface-active agent, when used, normally comprises from 1 to 15% by weight of the pesticidal composition.

Dusts are freely flowing admixtures of the active pesticide with finely divided solids such as talc, natural clays, kieselguhr, pyrophyllite, chalk, diatomaceous earths, calcium phosphates, calcium and magnesium carbonates, sulfur, lime, flours, and other organic and inorganic solids which act as dispersants and carriers for the toxicant. These finely divided solids have an average particle size of less than about 50 microns. A typical dust formulation useful herein contains 75% silica and 25% of the toxicant. Useful liquid concentrates include the emulsifiable concentrates which are homogeneous liquid or paste compositions which are readily dispersed in water or other dispersant, and may consist entirely of the pesticide with a liquid or solid emulsifying agent, or may also contain a liquid carrier such as xylene, heavy aromatic naphthas, isophorone, and other nonvolatile organic solvents. For application, these concentrates are dispersed in water or other liquid carrier, and are normally applied as a spray to the area to be treated.

Other useful formulations for pesticidal applications include simple solutions of the active pesticide in a dispersant in which it is completely soluble at the desired concentration, such as acetone, alkylated naphthalenes, xylene, or other organic solvents. Granular formulations, wherein the pesticide is carried on relatively coarse particles, are of particular utility for aerial distribution or for penetration of cover-crop canopy. Pressurized sprays, typically aerosols wherein the active ingredient is dispersed in finely divided form as a result of vaporization of a low-boiling dispersant solvent carrier, such as the Freons, may also be used. All of those techniques for formulating and applying pesticides are well known in the art.

The percentages by weight of the pesticide may vary according to the manner in which the composition is to be applied and the particular type of formulation, but in general comprise 0.5 to 95% of the pesticide by weight of the pesticidal composition.

The pesticidal compositions may be formulated and applied with other active ingredients, including other fungicides, insecticides, nematocides, bactericides, plant growth regulators, fertilizers, etc.

The compounds of this invention are also toxic to a variety of crop and household insects. It is generally desirable to apply the compounds in insecticidal compositions comprising one or more of the insecticidal compounds intimately admixed with a biologically inert carrier. The carrier may be a liquid or a solid, e.g., the compounds of the invention may be formulated as solutions, emulsifiable concentrates, wettable powders, powdery dusts or granules, as hereinbefore described for other pesticidal compositions of the compounds of the invention. In insecticidal compositions, the insecticidal compounds can be from about 0.01 to 95% by weight of the entire composition.

The insecticidal compositions may be formulated and applied with other active ingredients, including other nematocides, insecticides, fungicides, bactericides, plant growth regulators, fertilizers, etc. In applying the chemical, an insecticidally effective amount and concentration of the compounds of this invention is, of course, employed.

The term "insecticide" and "insect" as used herein refer to their broad and commonly understood usage rather than to those creatures which in the strict biological sense are classified as insects. Thus, the term "insect" is used not only to include small invertebrate animals belonging to the class Insecta, but also to other related classes of arthropods whose members are segmented invertebrates having more or fewer than six legs, such as spiders, mites, ticks, centipedes, worms, and the like.

The compounds of the present invention are also useful as herbicides in both pre- and post-emergent applications. For pre-emergent control of undesirable vegetation, the herbicidal compounds will be applied in herbicidally effective amounts to the locus or growth medium of the vegetation, e.g., soil infested with seeds and/or seedlings of such vegetation. Such application will inhibit the growth of or kill the seeds, germinating seeds and seedlings. For post-emergent applications, the herbicidal compounds will be applied directly to the foilage and other plant parts. Generally, the herbicidal compounds of the invention are effective against weed grasses as well as broadleaved weeds.

The compounds of the present invention can be used alone as herbicides. However, it is generally desirable to apply the compounds in herbicidal compositions comprising one or more of the herbicidal compounds intimately mixed with a biologically inert carrier. The carrier may be a liquid diluent or a solid, e.g., in the form of dust powder or granules. In the herbicidal composition, the active herbicidal compounds can be from about 0.01 to 95% by weight of the entire composition.

Suitable liquid diluent carriers include water and organic solvents, e.g., hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, kerosene, diesel oil, fuel oil, and petroleum naphtha. Suitable solid carriers are natural clays such as kaolinite, atalpulgite and montmorillonite. In addition, talcs, pyrophillite, diatomaceous silica, synthetic fine silicas, calcium aluminosilicate and tricalcium phosphate are suitable carriers. Organic materials such as walnut-shell flour, cottonseed hulls, wheat flour, wood flour or redwood-bark flour may also be used as solid carriers.

The herbicidal composition will also usually contain a minor amount of a surface-active agent. Such surface agents are those commonly known as wetting agents, dispersing agents and emulsifying agents, and can be anionic, cationic or nonionic in character. The herbicidal compositions may also contain other pesticides, adjuvants, stabilizers, conditioners, fillers, and the like.

The amount of herbicidal compound or composition administered will vary with the particular plant part or plant growth medium which is to be contacted, the general location of application -- i.e., sheltered areas such as greenhouses, as compared to exposed areas such as fields -- as well as the desired type of control. Generally, for both pre- and post-emergent control, the herbicidal compounds of the invention are applied at rates of 0.2 to 60 kg/ha, and the preferred rate is in the range of 0.5 to 40 kg/ha.

The compounds of the invention are also useful for controlling microbiological organisms such as algae, bacteria, molds and occasionally aquatic weeds which foul aqueous industrial effluents and cooling streams, such as those occurring in the paper and food processing industries. They may also be used to control such organisms in other aqueous bodies such as lakes, streams, canals, pools and the like. When so used, a biocidal quantity of one or more of the compounds of this invention is added to the aqueous growth environment of the organisms. Usually, this dosage will range between about 0.1 to 50 ppm. In any given instance, the optimum dosage will depend upon the particular organism and aqueous body involved. For instance, when used to control algae, these compounds will usually be employed at concentrations of about 0.1 to 10 ppm. In terms of pounds of compound per acre of water 1 foot deep, 0.1 to 10 ppm is equal to about 0.3 to 30 pounds per acre of water 1 foot deep. These compounds may be applied to the aqueous growth environments of such organisms as dispersible powders or in solution with water-miscible solvents.

EXAMPLES EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of 2,5-dichloro-3-(N-methyl-N-tri-n-butylstannylsulfonamido)thiophene

A 16.3-g (0.05 mol) sample of chlorotri-n-butylin was added slowly to a cooled solution (ice-bath) of 12.3 g (0.05 mol) 2,5-dichloro-3-(N-methylsulfonamido)thiophene in 200 ml dichloromethane. To the resulting solution was added in small portions 6.0 g (0.06 mol) triethylamine. The reaction mixture was then stirred at about 25° C for 30 minutes and heated under reflux for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled, washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate and evaporated under reduced pressure to give an oil residue. The residue was diluted with petroleum ether and evaporated under high vacuum to give 14 g of the product as a yellow oil. The product and its elemental analysis for C₁₇ H₃₁ Cl₂ NO₂ S₂ Sn are tabulated in Table I under Compound No. 1.

EXAMPLE 2 Preparation of 2-chloro-5-(N-meyhyl-N-triphenylstannylsulfonamido)thiophene

A 3.0-g (0.03 mol) sample of triethylamine was added slowly to a solution of 5.3 g (0.025 mol of 2-chloro-5-(N-methylsulfonamido)thiophene and 9.6 g (0.025 mol) chlorotriphenyltin in 200 ml dichloromethane. The reaction mixture was heated under reflux for 4 hours, cooled, washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate and evaporated under reduced pressure to give an oil. Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of the oil showed the presence of substantial amounts of unaltered starting materials. The oil and 3 g of triethylamine were dissolved in dichloromethane and heated under reflux for 8 hours. The reaction mixture was then washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate and evaporated under reduced pressure to give an oil which crystallized from ether-petroleum ether to give 2 g of the product as a white solid, m.p. 135-137. The product and its elemental analysis are tabulated in Table I as Compound No. 4.

EXAMPLE 3 Preparation of 2-chloro-5-(N-phenyl-N-tri-n-butylstannylsulfonamido)thiophene

A 2.5 g (0.025 mol) sample of triethylamine was added slowly to 6.0 g (0.022 mol) 2-chloro-5-N-phenylsulfonamido)thiophene and 7.1 g (0.022 mol) chlorotri-n-butyltin in 200 ml benzene. The reaction mixture was then heated under reflux for 5 hours, cooled, washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate and evaporated to give an oil residue. The residue was diluted with petroleum ether, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated under reduced pressure to give the product as an amber oil. The product and its elemental analysis are tabulated in Table I as Compound No. 6.

EXAMPLE 4 Preparation of 2-(N-methyl-N-tri-n-butylstannylsulfonamido)-3-bromothiophene

A solution of 9.7 g (0.038 mol) 2-N-methylsulfonamido)-3-bromothiophene, 1.3 g (0.038 mol chlorotri-n-butyltin and 4.2 g (0.042 mol) triethylamine in 200 ml chloroform was heated under reflux for 22 hours. The reaction mixture was then washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate and evaporated under reduced pressure to give an oil residue. The residue was dissolved in petroleum ether, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated under reduced pressure to give 5.6 g of the product, as an oil. The product and its elemental analysis are tabulated in Table I as Compound No. 9.

The compounds tabulated in Table I were prepared by procedures similar to that of Examples 1-4. The structure of each compound tabulated in Table I was confirmed by infrared spectral analysis and/or nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

EXAMPLE 5 Mycelia Inhibition

The compounds of the present invention were evaluated for fungicidal effectiveness by means of a mycelial inhibition test. This test is designed to measure the fungitoxic activity of fungicidal chemicals in terms of their degree of inhibition of mycelium growth. Each compound to be tested was dissolved in acetone to 500 ppm concentration. Paper strips wer inoculated with the particular mycelium growth by covering the paper with a potato dextrose broth culture of mycelial suspension. The inoculated papers were then placed on potato dextrose agar plates and sprayed by means of a micro-sprayer with the fungicidal solution. The treated paper strips were incubated at 25° C and data are taken after 24 hours. Fungicidal activities are measured by a zone of inhibited mycelial growth from the center of the paper strip. The effectiveness of the compounds tested for fungicidal activity is reported in Table II in terms of micrograms/cm² for 99% control of fungus.

EXAMPLE 6 Bacterial Inhibition

The compounds of the present invention were evaluated for bactericidal effectiveness by means of an in-vitro bacterial inhibition test. This test is designed to measure the bactericidal activity of chemicals in terms of their degree of inhibition of bacterial growth. Each compound to be tested was dissolved in acetone to 500 ppm concentration. Bacterial suspensions were prepared by washing a culture of the desired bacterium from an agar medium with sterile water into a vessel and further diluting the aqueous suspension with sterile water to a predetermined bacterial density (measured by light-blocking effect of bacterial cells in a spectrophotometer). This diluted bacterial suspension was sprayed onto agar test plates. The inoculated agar plates were then sprayed by means of a microsprayer with the acetone solution of the test compound and incubated at 23.5° C for 24 hours. Bacterial activities were then measured by a zone of inhibited bacterial growth from the center of the plate. The effectiveness of the compounds tested for bactericidal activity is reported in Table III in terms of micrograms/cm² for 99% control of the bacteria.

EXAMPLE 7 Insect Control

The compounds of this invention were tested as follows to illustrate their insecticidal activity. Test results are reported in Table IV.

Test Procedures

Houseflies (Musca domestica L.): A 500-ppm acetone solution of the test compound was placed in a microsprayer (atomizer). A random mixture of anesthetized male and female flies was placed in a container and 55 mg of the above-described acetone solution was sprayed on it. A lid was placed on the container. A mortality reading was made after 24 hours.

Aphids (Aphis gossypii Glover): An acetone solution of the test compound containing a small amount of nonionic emulsifier was diluted with water to 40 ppm. Cucumber leaves infested with the cotton aphids were dipped in the toxicant solution. Mortality readings were then taken after 24 hours.

American cockroach (Periplaneta americana L.): A 500-ppm acetone solution of the test compound was placed in a microsprayer (atomizer). A random mixture of male and female roaches was placed in a container and 55 mg of the above-described acetone solution was sprayed on it. A lid was placed on the container. A mortality reading was made after 24 hours.

Cabbage looper (Trichoplusa ni): An acetone solution of the test compound containing a small amount of nonionic emulsifier was diluted with water to 500 ppm. Cucumber leaf sections were dipped in the toxicant solution and dried. The sections were then infested with cabbage looper larvae. Mortality readings were taken after 24 hours.

Two-spotted mites (Tetramuchus urticae): Pinto-bean leaves were infested with two-spotted mites. The mites were then allowed to lay eggs on the leaves. After 48 hours, the leaves were dipped into a water/acetone solution containing a small amount of a nonionic surfactant and 40 ppm of the test compound. The treated leaves were then maintained at 85° F. One day after treatment, the mortality of adult mites was determined, and 7 days after treatment the egg mortality (non-hatching eggs) was determined.

EXAMPLE 8 Herbicidal Tests

Post-emergent herbicidal tests with representative compounds of this invention were made using the following method.

An acetone solution of the test compound was prepared by mixing 750 mg of the compound, 220 mg of a nonionic surfactant and 25 ml of acetone. This solution was added to approximately 125 ml of water containing 156 mg of surfactant.

This test solution was uniformly sprayed on two similar pots of 24-day-old plants (approximately 15 to 25 plants per pot) at a dose of 33 micrograms/cm². After the plants had dried, they were placed in a greenhouse and then watered intermittently at their bases, as needed. The plants were observed periodically for phytotoxic effects and physiological and morphological responses to the treatment. After 3 weeks, the herbicidal effectiveness of the compound was rated based on these observations. A 0-to-100 scale was used, 0 representing no phytotoxicity and 100 representing complete kill. The results of these tests appear in Table V.

EXAMPLE 9 Alga Control

Representative compounds of the invention were tested as algicides by the following method. The alga test species were Lemna, Elodea and Spirolina. An acetone solution of the test compound and a small amount of an alkylarylpolyoxyethylene glycol-containing surfactant was prepared. This solution was mixed with a nutrient broth in a quantity sufficient to give a concentration of 2 ppm. A 240-ml container was filled with this mixture. A sample of the test alga was added to each container and the container was then placed in an illuminated environment and maintained at a temperature of about 20° C for incubation. The containers were observed periodically for alga growth (as compared to an untreated check). The algicidal effectiveness of the test compound was determined based on a final observation of alga growth after 7 to 10 days. The results of the test on a 0-to-100 basis -- 0 indicating no effectiveness and 100 indicating complete effectiveness -- are reported in Table VI.

EXAMPLE 10 Tomato Late Blight

Compounds of the invention were tested for the control of the Tomato Late Blight organism Phytophthora infestans. 5- to 6-week-old tomato (variety Bonny Best) seedlings were used. The tomato plants were sprayed with a 250-ppm solution of the test compound in acetone, water and a small amount of a non-ionic emulsifier. The sprayed plants were then inoculated 1 day later with the organism, placed in an environmental chamber and incubated at 66°-68° F and 100% relative humidity for at least 16 hours. Following the incubation, the plants were allowed to dry and then were maintained at 60-80% relative humidity for approximately 7 days. The percent disease control provided by a given test compound was based on the percent disease reduction relative to untreated check plants. The compounds giving effective control at the test concentration are tabulated in Table VII.

EXAMPLE 11 Tomato Early Blight

Compounds of the invention were tested for the control of the Tomato Early Blight organism, Alternaria solani. Tomato (variety Bonny Best) seedlings of 6 to 7 weeks old were used. The tomato plants were sprayed with a 250-ppm solution of the test compound in an acetone-and-water solution containing a small amount of a non-ionic emulsifier. The sprayed plants were inoculated one day later with the organism, dried and maintained at 60-80% relative humidity for about 12 days. Percent disease control was based on the percent disease development on untreated check plants. The compounds giving effective control at the test concentration are tabulated in Table VII.

EXAMPLE 12 Celery Late Blight

Compounds of the invention were tested for the control of Celery Late Blight using celery (Utah) plants 11 weeks old. The Celery Late Blight organism was Septoria apii. The celery plants were sprayed with solutions of the candidate toxicant mixed with acetone, water and a nonionic emulsifer. The plants were then inoculated with the organism and placed in an environmental chamber and incubated at 66°-68° F in 100% relative humidity for an extended period of time (approximately 48 hours). Following the incubation, the plants were allowed to dry and then were maintained at a 60-80% relative humidity for approximately 14 days. The percent disease control provided by a given candidate toxicant is based on the percent disease reduction relative to untreated check plants. The compounds giving effective control at the test concentrations are reported in Table VII.

EXAMPLE 13 Powdery Mildew

The powdery mildew test was made using bean seedlings (var. Bountiful) with well-developed primary leaves. The pathogen was Erysiphe polygoni. The bean seedlings were sprayed with a 250-ppm solution of the test compound in an acetone-water mixture containing a nonionic emulsifier. The treated plants were inoculated 1 day after spray application of the test compound with the pathogen. The plants were then maintained in a greenhouse at a 60-80% relative humidity and at a temperature of 68°-70° F. The rate of infection on the leaves was made after about 10 days. The percent disease control provided by a given test compound was based on the disease reduction relative to untreated check plants. The compounds of the invention giving effective control at the test concentrations are reported in Table VII.

                                      TABLE I                                      __________________________________________________________________________     Compounds of the formula                                                        ##STR5##                                                                                                                   Elemental Analysis                                                      Melting                                                                               Sulfur  Chlorine                  No.                                                                               R.sup.1                                                                            R.sup.2                                                                           X.sup.1      X.sup.2        Point, ° C                                                                     Calc.                                                                              Found                                                                              Calc.                                                                              Found                 __________________________________________________________________________     1  Cl  H  Cl           SO.sub.2 N(CH.sub.3)(Sn[ n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                                     ].sub.3)       oil    12.0                                                                               11.1                                                                               13.3                                                                               12.1                  2  Cl  H  SO.sub.2 N(CH.sub.3)(Sn[n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9 ].sub.3)                                          H              oil    12.8                                                                               12.7                                                                                7.1                                                                                7.5                  3  Cl  H  H            SO.sub.2 N(p-CH.sub.3 φ)(Sn[n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                              ].sub.3)       oil    10.5                                                                               10.1                                                                               11.6                                                                               12.3                  4  Cl  H  SO.sub.2 N(CH.sub.3)(Snφ.sub.3)                                                         H              135-137                                                                               11.4                                                                               11.6                                                                                6.3                                                                                6.5                  5  Cl  H  Cl           SO.sub.2 N(CH.sub.3)(Snφ .sub.3)                                                          75-78  10.8                                                                                9.5                                                                               11.9                                                                               11.3                  6  Cl  H  SO.sub.2 Nφ(Sn[ n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9 ].sub.3)                                              H              oil    11.4                                                                               10.1                                                                                6.3                                                                                5.6                  7  Cl  H  Cl           So.sub.2 Nφ(Sn[n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9 ].sub.3)                                                 oil    10.7                                                                               10.1                                                                               --  --                    8  CH.sub.3                                                                           H  SO.sub.2 N(CH.sub.3)(Sn[n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9 ].sub.3)                                          H              oil    13.4                                                                               12.5                                                                               --  --                    9  H   H  SO.sub.2 N(CH.sub.3)(Sn[n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9 ].sub.3)                                          Br             oil    11.8                                                                               10.6                                                                               --  --                    __________________________________________________________________________

                  TABLE II                                                         ______________________________________                                         Mycelia Inhibition, micrograms/cm.sup.2 for 99% Control                        Compound                                                                       No.     (1)      (2)      (3)    (4)    (5)                                    ______________________________________                                         1       0.2      1.3      0.4    0.3    0.5                                    2       0.3      1.2      0.2    0.3    0.5                                    3       0.5      1.1      0.5    0.6    0.6                                    4       0.7      0.6      1.0    0.5    0.9                                    5       0.6      0.5      0.6    0.6    0.9                                    6       0.3      0.2      0.4    0.2    0.4                                    7       0.8      1.2      0.3    0.3    0.5                                    8       --       0.7      0.2    0.3    0.6                                    9       --       0.7      >1.7   0.2    0.6                                    ______________________________________                                          (1) Botrytis cinerea                                                           (2) Pythium ultimun                                                            (3) Rhizoctonia solani                                                         (4) Aspergillus niger                                                          (5) Fusarium moniloforma                                                 

                  TABLE III                                                        ______________________________________                                         Bacterial Inhibition, micrograms/cm.sup.2 for 99% Control                      Compound Pseudomonas Erwinia     Xanthomonas                                   No.      syringae    amylovora   vesicatoria                                   ______________________________________                                         1         0.7         0.1         0.1                                          2         0.7         0.1         0.1                                          3         0.9         0.1         1.0                                          4         0.2         0.1        >1.7                                          5        >1.7        >1.7        >1.7                                          6        >1.7        >1.7        >1.7                                          7        >1.7        >1.7         0.9                                          8        >1.7        >1.7        >1.7                                          9        >1.7        >1.7        >1.7                                          ______________________________________                                    

                  TABLE IV                                                         ______________________________________                                         Compound Percent Insect Control                                                No.      (1)     (2)     (3)   (4)   (5)   (6)                                 ______________________________________                                         1        0       98      22    90    100   100                                 2        30      100     39    70    100   100                                 3        0       10      0     100    78   100                                 4        0        0      0     10     0     60                                 5        0        0      0     10     0     0                                  6        0       90      0     100   100   100                                 7        0       85      22    100   100   100                                 8        90      78      0     100   100    94                                 9        78      98      0     90    100   100                                 ______________________________________                                          (1)Flies                                                                       (2)Aphids                                                                      (3)Cockroaches                                                                 (4)Cabbage Loopers                                                             (5)Mites                                                                       (6)Mite Eggs                                                             

                  TABLE V                                                          ______________________________________                                         Compound Herbicidal Effectiveness                                              No.      O       W       C     M     P     L                                   ______________________________________                                         1        40      98      55    100    85   70                                  2        65      98      60    100    90   75                                  3        30      88      55    100    90   80                                  4        25      `0       0     98    88   88                                  5        20      25      25    100   100   95                                  6        50      97      80    100   100   100                                 7        90      100     80    100   100   100                                 8        30      98      70    100   100   100                                 9        25      99      60    100   100   100                                 ______________________________________                                          O = Wild Oats (Avena fatua)                                                    W = Watergrass (Echinochloa crusgalli)                                         C = Crabgrass (Digitaria sanquinalis)                                          M = Mustard (Brassica arvensis)                                                P = Pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus)                                           L = Lambsquarter (Chenopodium album)                                     

                  TABLE VI                                                         ______________________________________                                         Percent Aquatic Weed Control                                                   Compound                                                                       No.        Lemma      Elodea     Spirolina                                     ______________________________________                                         1           90        78         80                                            2           99        78         80                                            3          100        100        95                                            4          100        100        95                                            5          100        100        90                                            6          100        100        100                                           7          100        99         100                                           8          100        99         60                                            9          100        99         60                                            ______________________________________                                    

                  TABLE VII                                                        ______________________________________                                         Compound                                                                               Tomato    Powdery   Celery  Tomato                                     No.     Late Blight                                                                              Mildew    Late Blight                                                                            Early Blight                               ______________________________________                                         1       88        0         0       --                                         2       --        29        --      --                                         3       98        0         --      23                                         4       99        100       --       0                                         5       96        100       100     21                                         6       100       0         0       --                                         7       94        8         --       0                                         ______________________________________                                     

What is claimed is:
 1. A compound of the formula ##STR6## wherein R¹ is hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms or nitro; R² is hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms or nitro; one of X¹ or X² is hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms or nitro and the other X¹ or X² is --SO₂ N(R³) (SnR⁴ R⁵ R⁶) wherein R³ is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, phenyl, benzyl, or phenyl or benzyl substituted with 1 to 2 of the same or different substituents selected from fluoro, chloro, bromo and alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ individually are alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, phenyl, benzyl, or phenyl or benzyl substituted with 1 to 2 of the same or different substituents selected from fluoro, chloro, bromo and alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
 2. The compound of claim 1 wherein R¹ is hydrogen, chloro or bromo, R² is hydrogen, chloro or bromo, one of X¹ or X² is hydrogen, chloro or bromo and the other X¹ or X² is --SO₂ N(R³) (SnR⁴ R⁵ R⁶) wherein R³ is alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, phenyl, benzyl, or phenyl or benzyl substituted with 1 to 2 alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ individually are alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, phenyl or benzyl.
 3. The compound of claim 2 wherein R¹ is chloro or bromo, R² is hydrogen, one of X¹ or X² is hydrogen, chloro or bromo and the other X¹ or X² is --SO₂ N(R³) (SnR⁴ R⁵ R⁶) wherein R³ is alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, phenyl or phenyl substituted with 1 to 2 alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ individually are alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
 4. The compound of claim 3 wherein X' is --SO₂ N(R³) (SnR⁴ R⁵ R⁶).
 5. The compound of claim 4 wherein R¹ is chloro, R² is hydrogen, X¹ is --SO₂ N(phenyl) (Sn[n-C₄ H₉ ]₃) and X² is hydrogen.
 6. The compound of claim 3 wherein X² is --SO₂ N(R³) (SnR⁴ R⁵ R⁶).
 7. The compound of claim 6 wherein R¹ is chloro, R² is hydrogen, X¹ is hydrogen and X² is SO₂ N(p-methylphenyl) (Sn[(n-C₄ H₉ ]₃). 